32. Thread-Cross

Thread-Cross Mandalas, known as "namka" in Tibetan, are crafted using thin wooden frames wrapped with threads of various colors to create intricate geometric patterns, including circles, squares, and triangles. Typically, they are flat objects displayed in a vertical orientation. For more elaborate rituals, these thread-cross mandalas are constructed into large three-dimensional palaces, serving as the central focal point of the mandala.